When most people think about threats to health while traveling abroad, infectious threats often come to mind first. However, the most common cause of death of non-elderly travelers is road traffic accidents. (The most common cause of death of elderly travelers is cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes.)

The risk of injury or death from road traffic accidents is elevated in middle- and low-income nations. For example, while the annual crash death rate per 100,000 population in Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Japan, is, respectively, 2.7, 3.1, and 4.1; in India, Thailand, and the Dominican Republic, it is, respectively 22.6, 31.7, and 34.6.

Risk can be markedly reduced by following road safety practices:

• use a seat belt
• travel with, and use booster seats and car seats for children
• avoid motorcycles and motorbikes, including motorcycle and motorbike taxis
• if you do ride on a bicycle or motorcycle, wear a helmet
• don’t talk on a cell phone or text while driving
• don’t drink and drive
• don’t speed
• remain vigilant regarding driving on the correct side of the road
• avoid driving at night
• avoid driving during inclement weather
• avoid overcrowded, overweight, or top-heavy buses or minivans

As a pedestrian: don’t multitask: don’t take photos, text, or listen to music with ear buds or headphones as you walk.

References:

CDC Yellow book 2024: Road and Traffic Safety